Internal assessment: Antomocal Diagnosis: glomerulus of kidney Histological: ? Loss of effacement of foot process of podocytes of basement membrane ? Membranous glomerulopathy Etiological: diabetes and hypertension. Diabetic nephropathy 2.azotemia : Increased blood urea nitrogen with BUN to creat ratio 20:1 suggestive of renal or post renal azotemia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538145/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538145 Anemia:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6876938/ https://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/21/1/12 Hypoalbuminemia: Reduced protein intake and inflammation,due to reduced production of albumin by liver leading to decreased synthesis and increased catabolism and vascular permeability. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9848794/ Acidosis: renal failure as there is decreased synthesis of bicarb resulting in high aniono gap metabolic acidosis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6876938/ 3.according to KDIGO guidelines,oral rep...
1) A 55 year old man with Recurrent Focal Seizures Detailed patient case report here: http://ushaindurthi.blogspot.com/2020/11/55-year-old-male-with-complaints-of.html 1. What is the problem representation of this patient and what could be the anatomical site of lesion ? ans:Problem statement Rights monoplegia of upperlimb-which is sudden onset with rt sided focal seizures with progression to secondary generalisation which was refractory to medical treatment for 2 days uncontrolled sugars anatomical localisation of right sided focal seizures with secondary generalisation https://www.epilepsy.com/living-epilepsy/epilepsy-and/professional-health-care-providers/co-existing-disorders/brain-tumors-1 Anatomic location and General characteristics of seizures: Frontal lobe : Usuallyoccur several times per day, short in duration, during sleep. Complex gestural automatisms common at onset. Tonic/postural manifestations prominent. Occipital lobe:Usually simple...
50 yr Male Farmer By Occupation Came to Casualty With Cheif Complaints of Pain both knees since 6 days HOPI :- Patient Was Apparently Asymptomatic 4 years Back , Then He Developed Knee joint Pains,bilateral ,which is Insidious In Onset, Gradually Progressive over years,and similar complaints On & off ,went to Rural Community Practitioner And Given Medicine and got relived. The Patient Had Been Taking pain management Medication whenever he has Joint Pains,Swelling was also present at the knee and Ankle joints during during Pain whenever he gets pain. The patient was able to do his Routine farming Activities for 2 years . Since 2 years the patient stopped doing farming works and used to stay at home and was able to take care of his daily activities. Aggravated during walking and relived with rest and also with medication. Pain was not completely relieved On taking medication but patient used to feel better. Usually pain is migratory typ...
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